Things To Consider During The Installation Stages Of Solar Energy Systems?
Solar energy is one of the most preferred energy types among environmentally friendly alternative energy sources for a sustainable world. The planning and implementation phases of the established energy systems must be carried out with detailed examination. In this article, we gave information about the things to consider during the installation of solar energy systems .
Solar Energy Systems Establishment Stages And Important Points
For efficiency in solar energy system use, attention should be paid to issues such as panel selection, mounting type and location.
1.Construction Assembly
The type and material of the construction assembly that forms the basis of the system varies depending on the roof type. Aluminum construction assembly is widely preferred. The floor on which the installation will be made must be strong enough to withstand wind load and panel weight.
2.Panel Mounting
- During panel assembly , the load should be distributed evenly across the profile and legs. Otherwise, damage to the roof and panel may occur, especially due to the effects of precipitation in winter months.
- Panel holders, called clamps, should be mounted linearly to carry the weight equally.
- In order to prevent the panels from moving in windy weather, the clamps should be tightened to the panels without leaving any gaps.
3.Inverter Installation
Devices that transfer power to the network at the desired voltage and frequency and perform DC-AC power conversion are called inverters. During inverter installation ;
- Dowels and screws must be mounted securely on the wall,
- The inverter must be isolated after the grid connection is established.
4.Cable Connections
When making cable connections, care should be taken to ensure correct polarity and cable insulation. Accordingly, the contact of the connectors with the ground must be interrupted to prevent corrosion.
The cables should be protected from harmful external factors such as pests and rain water by applying foam to the entrance sections of the spiral pipes where the cables are carried to the inverter. In order to prevent spiral pipes from blowing in the wind, they should be fixed using pipe clamps.
5.Grounding
Grounding prevents the system from being damaged by overvoltage and lightning.
6.SPP Panel
In projects below 10 kW, solar panels must be used. In these panels, energy is transferred to the other panel via power cables, ensuring safety. Solar panels; The meter contains the necessary equipment for security and internal needs. Contact, harmful external factors and the possibility of short circuits should be prevented by using insulation materials in cables.
Things To Consider During Solar Energy Systems Installation
For the installation of solar energy systems, the south side, which will get maximum efficiency from the sun's rays, is preferred. Aluminum construction panels on the south facade should be installed in a way that they will not be in the shadow or blocked. Other technical details that should be taken into consideration during the installation of solar energy systems are:
- In order to avoid static problems when making solar mounting systems, support should be obtained from engineers working in professional companies. For a correct project, analysis and determinations must be made through detailed studies.
- The system plan created after the project of the panels to be installed should be examined in detail and it should be determined whether it will cause problems.
- The electrical installation should be checked and the changes to be made in the main panel and their costs should be determined.
- The products to be used in the panel should be preferred of first class quality.
- Elements such as ventilation, chimneys and façade panels that may reduce the efficiency of the solar energy system should be determined and an installation project should be made.
- Grounding control must be performed on the entire system.
- The grounding capacity of the electrical installation must be determined and its compatibility with the inverter must be tested. Necessary actions must be taken to reduce the detected value to as low a threshold as possible.
- It is necessary to detect possible voltage drop and overload situations in the network in advance. Energy losses should be minimized by operating the inverter within specified threshold ranges.
- Insulation must be done without damaging the entire structure and the roof part to be installed.
- The clamping points must be positioned correctly to prevent microcracks that may occur in the future in solar panels.
- The monitoring system must be built and controlled to operate correctly.
- Attention should be paid to the stainless report, warranty period and conditions of the materials and equipment to be used on the floor. These reports should be requested from the company that will install the system.
- The cables used must comply with the 1500 V TEDAŞ Specification. Channels and exit points of the cables must be properly insulated.
- AC cables must be adjusted to the correct cross-section in accordance with the voltage drop calculation.
